Piriformis syndrome is a neuromuscular condition characterised by pain, tingling, or numbness in the buttocks, which may radiate down the leg. It occurs when the piriformis muscle, located in the buttocks region, compresses or irritates the sciatic nerve, which runs beneath or through the piriformis muscle. This compression can lead to symptoms similar to those of sciatica, including pain, numbness, or tingling along the path of the sciatic nerve.
Specific stretching exercises targeting the piriformis muscle and surrounding hip muscles can help alleviate muscle tightness and reduce pressure on the sciatic nerve.
Strengthening exercises focusing on the hip abductors, external rotators, and stabilising muscles can help improve hip joint stability, reduce strain on the piriformis muscle, and support proper biomechanics during movement.
Hands-on techniques such as massage, soft tissue mobilization, and trigger point release can help relax tight muscles, improve blood flow, and alleviate pain in the buttock and hip region.
Physiotherapists can provide education on proper posture and alignment to reduce stress on the piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve, helping to prevent exacerbation of symptoms.
Guidance on modifying activities and avoiding aggravating movements can help individuals manage pain and reduce compression on the sciatic nerve during daily activities.
Therapeutic modalities such as heat therapy, cold therapy, ultrasound, or electrical stimulation may be used to reduce pain and inflammation in the affected area.
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